碳同位素质谱法探讨现代海洋有机沉积物来源     

朱桂海  Jame M.Brooks 《海洋学研究》1986,(2)

本文用NUCLIDE RMS 6-60质谱仪测定了长江口及邻近海区(北纬30°06′至31°15′,东经122°30′至124°30′)表层沉积物中有机碳稳定同位素组成(δ~(13)C为-23.6×10~(-3)—-21.3×10~(-3))、有机碳含量(0.4—0.1％),溶剂可提取有机物浓度及有机C/N比值。结果表明,从有机地球化学角度解释并证实了其他地学家在该区域的研完成果,即东海陆架泥质沉积物主要由陆源悬浮物和海洋浮游生物体混合组成,长江入海物质随着远离长江口而递减,大部分陆源悬浮物向东南运移,并沉积在东经123°以西的长江口区。  相似文献   

海洋地理信息系统   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

蔡明理  施丙文 《海洋科学》1993,17(6):31-33

地理信息系统是处理和分析空间数据的数字系统。所谓海洋地理信息系统实际上是一种以计算机为主体,对海洋数据与资料进行输入、存贮、分类、查询、分析处理、运用模拟、输出的服务性与应用性相结合的信息系统。随着计算机科学、数学和空间技术的发展,地理信息系统已经超出了“地理学”的应用范畴,已对整个空间信息进行处理。受到国内外海洋学家们的极大关注。全球尺度的海洋学研究亦需要建立基于海洋环境因素的海洋地理信息系统。  相似文献   

Upper temperature tolerances of exotic brackish-water mussel, Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad): an experimental study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rajagopal S  Van der Gaag M  Van der Velde G  Jenner HA 《Marine environmental research》2005,60(4):512-530

The dark false mussel, Mytilopsis leucophaeata is an important mussel colonising the brackish-water systems of temperate and subtropical regions. Of late it has earned notoriety as a biofouling species in industrial cooling water systems. However, there are no published data on the temperature tolerance of this species. This paper presents data on the upper temperature tolerance of this mussel from the view point of biofouling control using thermal methods. In addition to mortality, response of physiological activities such as oxygen consumption, filtration rate, foot activity and byssus thread production were also studied at temperatures varying from 5 to 35 degrees C. Experiments were also carried out to understand the effect of mussel size, breeding condition, nutritional status and acclimation conditions (temperature and salinity) on the mortality pattern. The physiological activities were significantly reduced at temperatures beyond 27.5 degrees C and ceased at 35 degrees C. In 20 mm size group mussels exposed to 37 degrees C, 50% mortality was observed after 85 min and 100% mortality after 113 min. The effect of mussel size on mortality at different temperatures was significant, with the larger size group mussels showing greater resistance. M. leucophaeata collected during the non-breeding season (December-April) were more tolerant to temperature than those collected during the breeding season (June-October). Nutritional status of the mussel had no significant influence on the thermal tolerance of the mussel: fed and starved (non-fed) mussels succumbed to temperature at comparable rates. The effect of acclimation temperature and acclimation salinity on M. leucophaeata mortality at different temperatures was significant. Survival time increased with increasing acclimation temperature and decreased with increasing salinity. In comparison with other co-occurring species such as Mytilus edulis and Dreissena polymorpha, M. leucophaeata appears to be more tolerant to high temperature stress.  相似文献   

海洋围隔生态的油污染试验——Ⅰ.烃降解菌的生态分布     

周宗澄  倪纯治  蔡子平  曾活水 《海洋学报》1989,(3)

我们在厦门港东部海域进行围隔生态的油污染试验,研究烃降解菌的生态分布及其与环境因子的相互关系。结果表明:(1)异养菌的数量比烃降解菌数高2—4个数量级;(2)油浓度,颗粒有机碳、氮和磷与菌数有正的相关性;(3)烃降解菌的种类组成为革兰氏阴性菌占绝对优势,其中假单胞菌的检出率为100％;(4)加入分散剂有利于烃降解菌的生长,烃降解菌的数量直接影响降解率。  相似文献   

A STUDY ON MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: DECRADATION OF CRUDE OIL AND DIESEL OIL     

倪纯治  周宗澄  蔡子平  曾活水  李志棠  谢锦祥 《海洋学报(英文版)》1987,6(2):249-256

Monthly collected water samples from two different stations in the Xiamen Harbor in one whole year were analysed for crude oil and diesel oil degradation by nature microbe flora. The results indicate that the difference between degradation rates of the two stations is related to the material type, temperature, oil degradation bacteria counts of the environment and season. The degradation velocity of diesel and crude oil in seawater is influenced by microbial degradation time. The calculated degradation velocity of crude oil and diesel oil by natural microbe flora in Xiamen Harbor sea areas based on the measured degradation rates were 0.02-0.19g/d·m2and0.004-0.61 g/d·m2 respectively. This provides, to a certain extent, a scientific basis for preliminary evaluation of the oil pollutant purification capacity of the described sea areas.  相似文献   

造山带大陆斜坡沉积类型     

蔡雄飞  蔡海磊  刘德民  陈斌 《海洋地质前沿》2006,22(1):9-13

造山带大陆斜坡可以划分出有扇与无扇大陆斜坡两种沉积类型。有扇大陆斜坡以近源浊积岩、碎屑流为特色;无扇大陆斜坡以远源浊积岩、等深岩、半远洋沉积为特色。因而大陆斜坡也是一个多种沉积作用活跃的场所。造山带深水沉积绝不是常人认为是单一的复理石、千篇一律的重力流,而是内容十分丰富的沉积作用非常活跃和堆积的场所。  相似文献   

厦门港湾蟹类的分布   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

蔡尔西 《台湾海峡》1990,9(2):166-171

本文根据我所1980年8月至1981年10月厦门港湾海洋环境综合调查,选取其季度月(11,2,5,8月)资料,研究该港湾蟹类的种类组成、数量分布与季节变化。  相似文献   

台风波浪的波群统计特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

蔡清贵  黎国安  黎满球 《热带海洋学报》1986,(2)

海上船只、海洋建筑物受到海浪的作用,这是众所周知的。但是影响海上船只的动态、引起海上建筑物的水平运动,甚至建筑物被损坏等,则不仅是个别大浪,更主要的是波列中的连续几个大波——波群。所以,海浪波群的研究,日益引起人们的重视。很多学者,如Nolte与Hus,Ewing以及合田良実等,基于波浪的包线理论,对波群作了大量的研究。尤其是合田良実,对于各种谱宽度的情形,作了大量的波群数值模拟的研究,并且得到了一些很好的结果。  相似文献   

Changing anthropogenic influence on the Santa Monica Bay watershed     

Dojiri M  Yamaguchi M  Weisberg SB  Lee HJ 《Marine environmental research》2003,56(1-2):1-14

Santa Monica Bay is an open coastal embayment located directly seaward of Los Angeles, California. The Bay provides vital economic value through its water-dependent activities, such as swimming, diving, boating, and fishing. An increase from 100,000 residents in 1900 to 10 million in 2000 has imposed numerous environmental stressors on the Bay, including urbanization of the watershed. Pollutant discharges into the Bay increased throughout the early part of the century, but declined following passage of the Clean Water Act in 1972. Since that time, the predominant source of pollutant inputs has changed from point sources to non-point urban runoff. To assess how present-day and historical pollution interact to affect the environmental quality of Santa Monica Bay, three organizations collaborated on a multi-disciplinary study in 1997, towards which this volume is focused. This paper details the temporal patterns of anthropogenic influence on Santa Monica Bay to provide context for the papers that follow.  相似文献   

Labour circulation and the village economy in Fiji     

Sofer M 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》1992,13(2):118-129

The author examines circular labor migration in Fiji. "This paper is organized into five sections. The first section provides a brief discussion of two major perspectives of labour circulation in developing countries. The second section presents the state of the Fijian village in the context of the current pattern of uneven development in Fiji. The practice of labour circulation by Fijian villagers is dealt with in the third section. In the last two sections, issues concerning the maintenance of the polarized pattern and the preservation of the village mode of production are discussed."  相似文献